The study aims to investigate the effects of computer virus infections and offer recommendations for safeguarding home computers against such intrusions. In this electronic global community, it is critical to address viral threats and the preventive measures that computer users may take. This technological advancement presents new and adaptable opportunities for measuring security threats to networks. These threats can be either internal or external, with external threats being classified as Trojan horses, worms, hacking, viruses, and so on. Each day, thousands of new and stronger viruses are discovered and released into the wild, but even with this protection, viruses still infect and spread only with the consent of their victims. Following the identification of common causes of computer virus assaults, potential remedies are sent to home computer users in an effort to help them combat these attacks and enhance their computer usage going ahead. This research focuses on the stages of computer viruses, their history ,working principles and how to prevent them.